Arrange the following modes of entry in foreign markets starting with the mode of entry having least commitment, risk, control and profit potential:

I. Company hires a local manufacturer to produce the product.
II. Company starts exports working through domestic export agents and exports management companies.
III. Company joins hands with local investor and forms a company in which both share ownership and control.
IV. Company starts export using domestic export department and overseas sales branch.
V. Company offers a complete brand concept and operating system to an investor in return of certain fee.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following statement(s) are true in the context of quality standards?

I. KAIZEN approach deals with continuous improvement
II. BIS represents India in ISO
III. TQM cannot applied to crude oil refining
IV. Six sigma allows 3.4 defects per one million cases
V. Statistical quality control applications are limited to manufacturing industries

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet program. Introduction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation, visual effects, gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school education platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also part of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance, economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new schemes as well as the expansion of others like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital literacy program (PMGDISHA), e-hospital, Digilocker. Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet users has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network, hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on privacy, security and the need for storing data within the country, there are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt. approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health, agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. There also needs to be strong focus on standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhaar. UPI, Single sign-on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of a vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things holds the key to achieving trillion-dollar digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for skilling and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent capital of the world.

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion ‘A’: India needs to modernize its digital Laws to support the rapid growth of the digital economy.
Reasons ‘R’: New digital Laws are needed for digital inclusion and bringing more people to the digital world thus to increase digital users.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following is the correct explanation of resource-based approach?

Innovative small firms are more likely to be in existence in which of the following sectors?

I. Knowledge — based services
II. Biotechnology
III. Information technology
IV. Automobiles
V. Cement

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Earnings per share of a company is Rs. 5 and the rate of return required by its shareholders is it 16 per cent. Assuming Gordon valuation model, what rate of return should be earned on investment to ensure that the market price of its share is Rs. 50 and the dividend payout is 40 per cent?

Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of a manager?

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Effective channel management call for selecting intermediaries and training and motivating them in order to build long term partnership.
Statement II: Channel integration must recognize the distinctive strengths of online and offline selling and maximize their joint contributions.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet program. Introduction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation, visual effects, gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school education platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also part of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance, economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new schemes as well as the expansion of others like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital literacy program (PMGDISHA), e-hospital, Digilocker. Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet users has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network, hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on privacy, security and the need for storing data within the country, there are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt. approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health, agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. There also needs to be strong focus on standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhaar. UPI, Single sign-on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of a vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things holds the key to achieving trillion-dollar digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for skilling and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent capital of the world.

Which of the following initiatives have already initiated India's digital transformation process in governance, economy and society?

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A: Median is the middle most item in the set of ordered numbers.
Reasons R: Mode is not unduly affected by extreme values.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Penetration price strategy followed under which of the following conditions?

I. Where there is a high degree of price elasticity of demand
II. When strong competition is expected soon after product introduction
III. When company wants to recoup its research and development expenditure
IV. When company must keep demand within its production capacity

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

What are the problems commonly associated with the Scientific Management?

I. Managers often implement only the increased output part of the plan
II. Managers allow workers to share the benefit thus increased labour costs
III. Jobs become over-simplified and repetitive, often replaced by new technology
IV. Workers feel comfortable due to the job security and practiced work
V. Workers do not feel comfortable because of heavy pressure of work

Choose the correct answer from the options below:

The assumptions of rational decision making are:

I. Preferences are not clear
II. Preferences are not constant and stable
III. Problem is clear and unambiguous
IV. No time or cost constraint exist
V. Final choice will maximize pay off

Choose the correct answer from the options below:

In which of the following methods of capital budgeting, cash flows are reinvested at the cost of capital?

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet program. Introduction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation, visual effects, gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school education platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also part of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance, economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new schemes as well as the expansion of others like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital literacy program (PMGDISHA), e-hospital, Digilocker. Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet users has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network, hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on privacy, security and the need for storing data within the country, there are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt. approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health, agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. There also needs to be strong focus on standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhaar. UPI, Single sign-on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of a vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things holds the key to achieving trillion-dollar digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for skilling and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent capital of the world.

What has been the focus for digital transformation in the India Union Budget. 2022?

I. High speed broadband connectivity
II. Accountability of online platforms
III. Infrastructure status to data centres
IV. Increasing data and intellectual property security
V. Task force for Animation, Visual effects, Gaming and Comics (AVGC)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following is not the assumption of Theory of Absolute and Comparative advantage?

Which one of the following is not the disadvantage of international licensing?

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian markets including India in the past few years. In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper-middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamorous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast. India, being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required, inhouse doubling of production capacity can result in large unrecoverable investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meal with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization. As such brand equity may not work.

_______ is a combination of standardization and differentiation, where the core strategy remains same, but _________ is made to take into account specific customer group requirement.

While preparing a budget, which of the following activities enable managers to do a better job of managing:

I. Advance warning of and assignment of responsibility for conditions that require corrective action
II. Develop new policy to improve control of inventory management
III. Adjusting the budget to reflect different levels of sales or production
IV. Coordination of activities among all departments within the organization
V. Creation of standards for evaluating performance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

In regression model, assumptions of error term are:

I. Zero-mean assumption
II. Constant-variance assumption
III. Dependence assumption
IV. Independence assumption
V. Normality assumption

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

In which of the following situation(s), a competitive firm is advised to shut down operations temporarily?

Diffusion of innovation theory is associated with:

Match List I with List II

List I – Company
A. Alliance air
B. Delhivery
C. Ixigo
D. Kuoni

List II – Nature of business
I. Swiss travel group
II. Online travel company
III. State owned regional carrier
IV. New age logistic and supply chain start up

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Currently, the country with the highest level of entrepreneurial activity, represented by Global Entrepreneurship Index is:

Retailer cooperatives belong to which of the following distribution channel systems?

Which of the following statements are true?

I. A good measure of dispersion is not duly affected by extreme observations
II. Standard deviation incorporates the effect of extreme values thus making it most reliable measure of dispersion
III. Co-efficient of determination (R²) is always positive and less than one
IV. Non-parametric tests do not require us to make restrictive assumptions about shape of population distribution
V. Z-test cannot be applied when population is normal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

An approach of managing international operations in which nationality is down-played and the firm actively searches on world-wide or regional basis for the best people to fill key positions, is known as:

I. Geocentric approach
II. Ethnocentric approach
III. Polycentric approach

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian markets including India in the past few years. In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper-middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamorous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast. India, being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required, inhouse doubling of production capacity can result in large unrecoverable investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meal with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization. As such brand equity may not work.

While expanding business to new markets, analysis of following is required as a first step:

Talent management process include(s):

(I) Human resource planning
(II) Selection of employees
(III) Development of employees
(IV) Employee compensation
(V) Employee separation

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian markets including India in the past few years. In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper-middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamorous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast. India, being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required, inhouse doubling of production capacity can result in large unrecoverable investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meal with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization. As such brand equity may not work.

In times of market uncertainties and low brand loyalties, the international firms should respond to spurt in demand for its products through:

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Interest coverage ratio indicates how many times fixed interest charges are earned, based on the earnings available to pay these expenses.
Statement II: One minus the reciprocal of interest coverage ratio indicates how far earnings could decline before it would be impossible to pay the interest charges from current earnings.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Percentage of output lost for each point reduction in the inflation rate is called?

In the absence of transactions costs, if a stock plots above the security market line (SML), it is:

Which of the following focus of OD interventions are relevant if the nature of intervention is structured?

I. Reorganization
II. Team development
III. Counselling
IV. Work review
V. MBO

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options below:

Indicate correct options of the following statements on data collection and questionnaire design.

I. In order to ensure sufficiency of data, the field questionnaire must be 10% above the required number.
II. In structured interviews, interviewers’ attributes can significantly affect the respondent's replies.
III. Presentation of closed-ended questions and the general layout constitute important considerations in preparing a self-administrated questionnaire.
IV. In computer assisted data collection, degree of control over the interview process is high.
V. Description of important terminologies/jargons helps to improve the efficiency of respondent in filling the questionnaire.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Huge stores that combine supermarket, discount and warehouse retailing are called:

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of implementing a quality system that conform to ISO standards?

Which of the following is true for the coefficient of correlation?

The traditional accounting practice of resolving uncertainty by choosing the solution that leads to the lower amount of income being recognized in the current accounting period is based on which of the following accounting principles?

Which of the following test, studies are related to testing of the weak form stock market efficiency?

(I) Event studies
(II) Size effect
(III) Runs test
(IV) Price — Earnings (P/E) ratios
(V) Autocorrelation tests

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A salesperson who relies on creative methods for selling products and services is called:

Which of the following are the myths of brand communities?

I. Build the brand and the community will follow
II. Focus on opinion leaders to build a strong community
III. Brand communities exist to serve the business
IV. Online social networks are the best way to build community
V. Social networks are one community tool, but the tool is not the strategy

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which of the following statements are true in context of customer value and satisfaction concept?

I. Value perceptions increase with quality, service and price
II. Customer value triad is primarily a combination of quality, service and price
III. Marketing is the identification, creation, communication, delivery and monitoring of customers value
IV. If the perceived performance of the product matches with perceived expectations, the customer is delighted
V. Satisfaction reflects a person's judgement of a product's perceived performance in relation to expectations

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian markets including India in the past few years. In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper-middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamorous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast. India, being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required, inhouse doubling of production capacity can result in large unrecoverable investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meal with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization. As such brand equity may not work.

__________ is a set of consumers who evince interest in the marketer’s offer.

Which one of the following principles of management states that for a group of activity having the same objective, there should be one head and one plan?

What is the correct sequence of steps involved in the master production schedule preparation?

(I) Obtaining the net requirement of materials
(II) Revising the preliminary, master production schedule to accommodate the inadequacy of materials
(III) Obtaining the specification on required production
(IV) Assessing the invent, in hand and on order
(V) Determining the gross requirements of materials using MRP

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following statements are true in the context of CRM (Customer Relationship Management) 2.0?

I. Customer interactions are not pre planned but happen in real time.
II. Software as a service is the dominant CRM model particularly in small and medium-sized businesses.
III. Customer data is typically stored on corporate servers only.
IV. Means available for analytics are only standard multivariate statistical procedures such as cluster analysis and logistic regression.
V. CRM 2.0 uses massive amounts of structured and unstructured data.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following is a taxable perquisite?

Which one of the following is the characteristic of organizational climate?

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Employers use human resource management activities to help employees realize their full career potential.
Statements II: Employers do this just because they gain by making better utilization of employees potential.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which of the following technologies are fast changing the accounting ecosystems?

I. Blockchain technology
II. Enterprise Resource planning (ERP)
III. Cloud computing
IV. Robotics
V. Machine learning

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the following bond issues in increasing order of the underlying risk:

I. Convertible bonds
II. Callable bonds
III. Mortgage bonds
IV. Unsecured bond
V. Junk bonds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the following goods in the ascending order of the underlying income elasticity of demand.

A. Necessities
B. Inferior goods
C. Normal goods
D. Luxury goods
E. Giffen goods

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A technique of building up a list or a sample of a special population by using an initial set of members as informants is called:

Marston company sells a single product at a price of Rs. 50 per unit, its fixed costs total Rs. 15,000 and variable costs amount to Rs. 20 per unit. If management reduces the sales price of this product by Rs. 5 per unit, the sales volume needed for the company to break even will:

Arrange the following steps in the segmentation process in sequential order:

I. Determine which demographics, lifestyles and usage behavior make the segment distinct and actionable
II. Create a “value proposition" and product-price positioning strategy for each segment
III. Group customers into segments based on similar needs and benefits sought by them
IV. Determine overall attractiveness of each segment based on some predetermined criteria
V. Create “segment story board” to list the attractiveness of each segment’s positioning strategy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following is a disadvantage of MBO as a performance appraisal tool?

Customers arrive at a reception counter at an average interval rate of 10 minutes and the receptionist takes an average of 6 minutes for one customer. The average queue length is:

Which of the following constitutes Foreign Direct Investment?

Which of the following statements characterize the growth phase of product life cycle?

I. Build intensive distribution
II. Maximize profit while defending market share
III. Build awareness and interest in the mass market
IV. Diversify brand and items models
V. Price to penetrate market

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet program. Introduction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation, visual effects, gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school education platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also part of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance, economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new schemes as well as the expansion of others like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital literacy program (PMGDISHA), e-hospital, Digilocker. Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet users has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network, hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on privacy, security and the need for storing data within the country, there are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt. approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health, agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. There also needs to be strong focus on standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhaar. UPI, Single sign-on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of a vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things holds the key to achieving trillion-dollar digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for skilling and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent capital of the world.

Which of the following could be the most appropriate title of the passage?

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

Digital transformation has been a key theme of the Union Budget 2022 with announcements ranging from infrastructure status to data centers to taking fibre to all panchayats under the Bharatnet program. Introduction of a block chain based sovereign digital currency and setting up of 75 digital banking units, constitution of task force for animation, visual effects, gaming and comics (AVGC), launch of a digital university, digitalization of school education platforms and support for the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing and IT hardware were also part of the overall focus.

Announced in 2015 with the goal of ushering in digitally driven transformation in governance, economy and society, it has already led to the launch of new schemes as well as the expansion of others like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) the digital literacy program (PMGDISHA), e-hospital, Digilocker. Common Service Centers (CSCs) and the number of internet users has also grown to over 83 crores. It needs to ensure world class digital infrastructure including high speed broad-band connectivity and 5-G network, hyperscale data centers to make India a global hub for data centers and cloud. With increased focus on privacy, security and the need for storing data within the country, there are strong demand drivers in place for making investments in data centers attractive.

Whole govt. approach and creation of new public digital platforms in major domains such as education, health, agriculture and logistics need to undergo a paradigm shift. There also needs to be strong focus on standard interoperability and using common technology platforms such as Aadhaar. UPI, Single sign-on to make the development of new applications easier and faster. Creation of a vibrant startup ecosystem in artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things holds the key to achieving trillion-dollar digital economy goal.

Further, there is an equally strong need to modernise digital laws in India to support growth of digital economy and address concerns on accountability of online platforms and increasing cyber security to create trust and confidence amongst the users in the online world, which is crucial for digital inclusion and to bring the remaining population into the digital world. A national policy on data governance is the need of hour so that access to data is made easier for research apart from a strong push for skilling and capacity building in digital technologies at all levels in partnership with the industry and academia to make India skill and talent capital of the world.

According to the passage, which one is the most crucial for the universalization of digital inclusion?

Which of the following are the underlying assumptions of Cost-Volume Profit (CVP) analysis?

I. Number of units produced and sold are equal
II. Cost inputs and the output produced are linearly related
III. Sales price and sales mix remain constant
IV. Zero base budgeting underly costs and pricing decisions
V. Total fixed costs and variable cost per unit are constant

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A copier machine company provides better after sales service to its existing customer to improve its (company) and product image and increase sales of accessories and consumables. Above given statement is an example of:

Business intelligence is to improve the timeliness and quality of the input for decision-making. It helps the managers to understand which of the following:

I. Internal capabilities of the organization
II. Trends and future directions in the markets
III. External environment such as economic, political, social and demographic environment
IV. Behaviour of the competitors
V. External capabilities of the organization

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion ‘A’ and the other is labelled Reason ‘R’.

Assertion ‘A’: Sustained current account surplus encourages the government to liberalize imports and capital movements.
Reasons ‘R’: The current account and balance of payments positions of a country, can significantly influence its economic policies.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which scheme on performance and credit rating has been launched by Union MSME Ministry to assess the credit worthiness and capabilities of industries in the sector?

Efficacy of written communication depends upon:

(I) Lengthy presentation
(II) Editing after writing
(III) Brevity in sentences
(IV) Use of strong words
(V) Effective use of words

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options below:

Reason(s) for sickness in small industries in India are:

I. Minimal use of artificial intelligence in business
II. Inability to cope up with large market size
III. Lack of innovation and technology focus
IV. Direct and indirect competition from foreign players
V. Absence of regulatory support

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which of the following are the examples of need for status?

A. Being in a position of authority over others
B. Having executive privileges
C. Participating in pleasant social activities
D. Working for the right company in the right job
E. Living in the right neighbourhood

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options below:

Which of the following are essential characteristics of financial markets?

I. Price continuity and depth
II. Liquidity and marketability
III. Normative governance and regulation
IV. Timely and accurate information flow
V. Minimum transaction cost and informational efficiency

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Arrange the following steps of organizational socialization in the proper sequence:

(i) Select a good first supervisor to be in charge of socialization
(ii) Provide a challenging first job
(iii) Design a relaxed orientation program
(iv) Provide timely and consistent feedback
(v) Provide relevant training

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the given stages of process of organizational change in the correct sequence.

(I) Information collection
(II) Diagnosis
(III) Motivation
(IV) Action proposal
(V) Stabilization

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The steps involved in development of a project are given below. Arrange them in proper sequence.

A. Selection of business idea for a detailed analysis from the competing ideas.
B. Project installation and initiation.
C. Feasibility analysis
D. Identification of investment opportunity
E. Arrangements for financing

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Nobel Laureate (2013) Robert Shiller advocates price earning ratio based on:

Which one of the following is organizational process related job stress?

Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follow:

ABG Global Ltd. is a large size cereal manufacturing company that markets its morning cereals products to various countries of the world. In order to cater to the local markets, the company makes small changes in its product like sweetness and flavours. The core product, branding and packaging are all standardised. The sales of products have witnessed an unexpected rise in various Asian markets including India in the past few years. In response to this growing demand, the company has pursued an aggressive strategy of marketing and producing its products by doubling its capacity. Last year, the company suffered a jolt, when its sales declined sharply. A careful analysis of market revealed that the market segment which adopted the company's product were upper-middle class representing families where both spouses are working. Initially it was glamorous to adopt cereals as alternative breakfast option. But, after certain time, they reverted back to traditional Indian breakfast. India, being a highly conventional market offers less scope for standardized global products. In a volatile demand structure wherein huge marketing efforts are required, inhouse doubling of production capacity can result in large unrecoverable investment, thus hinting towards alternative strategies. The CEO of the company is now laying emphasis on product positioning strategies. Replacing a full meal with a non-Indian food has a lower success rate calling for customization. As such brand equity may not work.

A strategy aimed at reducing uncertainty faced by consumers when choosing products with unknown product quality is termed as:

Which one of the following factors does not influence the flow of FDI under Demand factors?

Which one of the following is the most significant factor according to the Dunlop Model of Industrial Relation?

Central focus of which of the following models is five-stage consumer decision process?

Concept of 'fit' is central to which of the following schools of thought on strategy formulation?

Data warehousing has various characteristics including:

I. Focuses on modelling and analysis of data relating to a specific area
II. Data warehouse is an integration of data from various systems like CRM system, SCM system, etc.
III. The time variant for a data warehouse has a historical perspective for example, past 10-20 years
IV. It is stored permanently i.e., data once stored cannot be updated
V. It is stored temporarily i.e., data once stored can be updated

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following factors is not a factor in case of wide span of management?

The main processing functions of information system are given below. Arrange them in sequencing order:

I. Process transaction
II. Maintain master file
III. Process enquiry
IV. Process report
V. Process interactive supper applications

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

How often and how easily customers think of the brand under various purchase or consumption situations, is known as:

Which of the following is a pre-offer takeover defence employed by target companies in hostile takeovers?

The first and foremost important feature for a project to be successful is:

If a company's current ratio declined in a year during which its quick ratio improved, which of the following is the most likely explanation?

Which one of the following is not an intramural function of trade unions?

According to the Economic Times study, which one of the following is India’s best company to work for in 2021?

Arrange the following in the ascending order in terms of their equity market capitalization:

I. India
II. United States (USA)
III. Hong Kong
IV. Japan
V. China

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: